Stripping the Virgin Mary of the myths, stories, and dogmas surrounding her is a task that has particularly appealed to a branch of feminist theology which seeks to reclaim her as a figure of female empowerment. This article aims to explore the transformation of Mary’s body into an element of resistance in the work of some contemporary artists. By depicting her nude or semi-nude, artists disrupt the gender values commonly associated with the Virgin and open up alternative possibilities of affirmative (...) selfhood through her body. I contend that, in these works, the Virgin’s body functions as a ‘relational’ body that enters into dialogue with hitherto marginalized categories, such as the carnal, the sensual, the notion of fleshly materiality, or even the excluded sexualities of transgender people. (shrink)

The authors describe the intensity and orientation of the corporate social responsibility reporting in four Spanish industries and explore the relationship that exists between both concepts and an independent measurement of reputation for CSR. The results demonstrate that the CSR reporting is especially relevant and useful in the finance industry. Finance companies report significantly more CSR information than most industries in Spain, and this reporting is more closely linked to their CSRR than the CSR reporting of basic, consumer goods and (...) services industries. (shrink)

Business Ethics: A European Review, EarlyView.

Diseases of complex origin have a component of quantitative genetics that contributes to their susceptibility and phenotypic variability. However, after several studies, a major part of the genetic component of complex phenotypes has still not been found, a situation known as “missing heritability.” Although there have been many hypotheses put forward to explain the reasons for the missing heritability, its definitive causes remain unknown. Complex diseases are caused by multiple intermediate phenotypes involved in their pathogenesis and, very often, each one (...) of these intermediate phenotypes also has a component of quantitative inheritance. Here we propose that at least part of the missing heritability can be explained by the genetic component of intermediate phenotypes that is not detectable at the level of the main complex trait. At the same time, the identification of the genetic component of intermediate phenotypes provides an opportunity to identify part of the missing heritability of complex diseases. (shrink)

The present paper is focused on how the acceptance of the emotional basis of morality can change the way we approach moral problems, concretely the case of moral autonomy. Is it posible to include the role of emotions in moral agency without losing moral autonomy? Simultaneously, it seems hard provide an account on moral agency without accepting as a premise the existence of moral autonomy. Thus, all this lead us to a picture where the assumtion of a premise implies the (...) denial of another one , and viceversa. With regard to this paradox, the question is therefore how these two facts —that we are necessarily emotional and autonomous— can become compatible. In this sense, I will argue that emotions are not an obstacle but a necessary element to moral autonomy. (shrink)

Heidegger, en su obra de 1925, Prolegómenos Para Una Historia del Concepto de Tiempo, realiza una revisión de la propuesta fenomenológica frente a la tradición filosófica, rescatando los descubrimientos de esta investigación: la intencionalidad, la intuición categorial, y el sentido originario de lo «a priori», así como la importancia del trabajo de Husserl para el desarrollo de la investigación filosófica. El concepto de intuición categorial toma para Heidegger relevancia, y lo caracteriza dentro de su investigación. Lo que aquí pretendo hacer (...) es presentar una interpretación de esta noción a partir de la idea de mundo como dimensión de la constitución de la aparición del ente. Como el mundo se presenta como un tema fundamental para la caracterización de la fenomenología Heideggeriana, intento esbozar una manera de aprehensión del mundo dentro de la ontología fundamental, por medio de la estructura del encontrarse, en alemán Befindlichkeit. Esto anterior, me permitirá analizar la particularidad de la fenomenología de Heidegger y, a la vez, mostrar las aproximaciones conceptuales entre Heidegger y Husserl, por medio de la revisión de dos conceptos: reflexión y epojé, pero siempre en relación al mundo. (shrink)

El presente artículo estudia la obra de Elisabeth Mulder (1904-1987) escritora barcelonesa que desarrolló su obra principalmente entre los años 30 y 50. Está estructurado en tres partes. 1) “La prehistoria lírica” de Elisabeth Mulder (“prehistoria e historia son términos que proceden de Consuelo Berges para referirse a dos períodos distintos de la producción de Elisabeth Mulder) estudia la evolución de su poesía entre 1927 y 1933, desde el simbolismo y el “malditismo” hasta la serenidad novecentista. 2)“La historia narrativa de (...) Elisabeth Mulder”intercala el estudio cronológico con el establecimiento de las líneas principales temáticas y formales de su narrativa, yendo más allá de los tópicos forjados por la crítica acerca del cosmopolitismo y elegancia de su novela, alejada de las características de la narrativa de la postguerra española. Señala como elementos interesantes, su concepción de la identidad, su concepción del amor y la utilización del humor como elemento destopificador. 3) “Una escritora entre el Modernismo y la Modernidad” establece finalmente las características de Elisabeth Mulder como las de una escritora entre ciertos elementos del modernismo y ciertos elementos de la vanguardia. (shrink)

De acuerdo con la tradición dominante de la teoría generativa, la creatividad lingüística es la capacidad de producir infinitas oraciones a partir de un conjunto finito de instrucciones sintácticas. Aunque esta idea de creatividad ha sido aceptada y festejada, sólo se trata de manejar una secuencia de categorías y escoger en cada paso un miembro de cada categoría. En efecto, la así llamada creatividad generativa no es más que una operación secuencial que ofrece opciones para cada punto de la secuencia, (...) y esto es comparable a la operación secuencial en la que completamos la bandeja con la comida disponible en el comedor. De hecho, la creatividad generativa no puede dar cuenta de los procesos verdaderamente creativos, por ejemplo de la invención de palabras nuevas o nombres originales. Por el contrario, el enfoque neurocognitivo asumido por la teoría de redes relacionales sí puede dar cuenta estos procesos genuinamente creativos. En este trabajo se mostrará cómo es el proceso neurocognitivo gracias al cual se crean y se entienden nombres cuya originalidad se basa en la ambigüedad deliberada. (shrink)

This research is part of a more extensive programme that deals with intercultural ethics from different perspectives. All of them share a common inspiration sprung from UNESCO’s Intercultural Ethics Project. The main goal of this paper consists in offering pragmatic/theoretical tools in order to analyse a cultural and political issue which is currently very important in Spain: the confrontation between those promoting Spanish national culture and those promoting the Basque one. I approach this confrontation in terms of discursive praxis, reaching (...) the conclusion that only if both groups are capable of self-understanding will they be capable of reciprocal-understanding, and only then will it be possible to maintain peace in our country. (shrink)

Do we empathize with the others because first we have recognized them as somehow equals, or do we recognize them as equals because first we have empathized with them? This article explores the relation between affective empathy, the moral recognition of the others, and personal identity. I defend that, to recognize others as valuable and act in line with this, one must be able to feel affective empathy for their situation, and, to do so, one has to 1) be curious (...) about them to surpass indifference, and 2) feel that your identity is not threatened by recognizing the others. Otherwise, rationalizations and justifications of antisocial behaviors would arise. Thus, I focus on how the construction of the self plays a key role in prosocial behaviors and the activation of affective empathy, which has been overlooked by moral philosophy in the debate on empathy. In order to do so, firstly, I explore cases where moral recognition is broken, secondly, I explore the dichotomic debate on the role of empathy for moral recognition and moral agency, and, thirdly, I try to enrich the debate by shifting the focus to the prerequisites to feel empathy, such as curiosity, a well-integrated self and healthy narcissism, addressing so how the construction of the self plays a key role in the possibility of empathizing with others and, therefore, in epistemic virtues and moral agency. As a result, I advocate the importance of psychological education for moral agency. (shrink)

El Plan Estratégico para la Igualdad Efectiva de Mujeres y Hombres 2022-2025, recoge la agenda política del Gobierno en materia de igualdad y contiene un catálogo de políticas públicas de los cuidados. Nuestro objetivo consiste en identificar los derechos conquistados y contribuir a la reivindicación de nuevos derechos, permitiendo dinamizar el compromiso público feminista con los cuidados y la vida social/comunitaria en el espacio público. Actualmente, en el ámbito de lo público se reflexiona sobre la transición necesaria del sistema de (...) servicios de cuidados desde lo público-privado a lo público-social/comunitario. Este modelo pone en valor sus especificidades, proximidad y calidad, como una fuente de democratización, inclusión y cohesión social. (shrink)

En este artículo se revisan los conceptos de género y sexo, su papel como determinantes de la salud, y su relación con la desigualdad. Se analizan los diferentes modelos explicativos que se proponen en la bibliografía para comprender las relaciones entre género y situación de salud y cómo recientemente se ha evolucionado desde el campo de la salud de las mujeres hacia el enfoque de género en salud. Por último se presentan las aplicaciones del análiis de género en salud y (...) su utilidad en la planificación y evaluación de los sistemas de atención sanitaria. (shrink)

The concept of corporate social responsibility is becoming integral to effective corporate brand management. This study adopts a multidimensional and cross-country perspective of the concept and analyses consumer perceptions of behaviour of four leading consumer products manufacturers. Data was collected from consumers in two countries – Spain and the UK. The study analyses consumers’ degree of interest in corporate responsibility and its impact on their perception about the company. The findings here suggest a weak impact of company-specific communication on consumers’ (...) perception. The implications of this study are relevant to companies for strengthening their social responsibility associations with the consumers. (shrink)

Training citizens capable of guiding their lives and at the same time being socially active seems to be one of the primary objectives that, from the different educational stages, they want to achieve. Learning some principles that guide the behavior of students is not an easy task and requires taking into account different aspects, both personal and social, however, achieving this goal is a fundamental achievement for the subject that will have an impact on their professional future. An educational proposal (...) is made to work on values, understanding that it is a model that we consider favors the training of students in all its dimensions. (shrink)

Companies' perceptions of corporate social responsibility have been only partially analyzed from an individual perspective that focuses on personal characteristics and professional backgrounds. However, a gap exists in the research on manager leadership styles and CSR perceptions from a gender perspective. Therefore, this article analyzes differences in attitudes toward various dimensions of CSR by focusing on the leadership styles—transformational, dominance, and dual perspectives—of male and female managers in Spain. A total of 391 respondents in top management positions in Spain were (...) surveyed. The findings revealed similarities and differences between genders with respect to leadership styles and CSR perceptions by dimension using a univariate analysis. A causal model that employed structural equation modeling was also estimated. The findings suggest that for transformational and dual leadership styles, Spanish women may be more adaptable and effective at pursuing company sustainability than Spanish men. However, dominance leadership was found to be the worst leadership style for deploying a CSR strategy. A number of conclusions for business management can be drawn, and some directions for future research are provided. (shrink)

This paper examines undergraduate business students' perception of corporate social responsibility in cases in which they have not attended any specific course either dealing with CSR or providing training in ethics. A survey was conducted of 535 Spanish business students as future managers. The results show that the stakeholders' perspective deserves a huge attention for those students considering what the keys of business success are. Significant differences in perception were nevertheless identified when a multifactorial analysis was undertaken. Female students are (...) more concerned about CSR issues. The maximization of value for shareholders is less valued by second- and third-year students than by first-year ones. The findings point to a number of important orientations for the future development of university curriculum. (shrink)

Socially responsible investment has grown enormously and has expanded globally in recent years. It allows SRI investors to reduce their portfolio risk assumptions through international diversification. In this context, the aim of this paper is twofold to examine price and volatility linkages among the most representative SRI indexes for North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific employing a multivariate approach and to provide the out-of-sample performance of an optimal portfolio constructed on the basis of time-varying return and volatility forecasts from this specification (...) approach. Our overall results show that using this technique, it is possible to reduce risk and out-perform the naïve rule, which is usually employed in this type of investment. These findings are relevant not only for academics but also for practitioners, especially for professional managers of SRI portfolios. (shrink)

Por medio de un ejercicio de lectura comparada, y siguiendo un método inductivo, el presente artículo identifica distintas formas de figurar o imaginar el cuerpo en un corpus de obras de la autora panameña Cheri Lewis G., observando las posibles relaciones, tensiones o contradicciones con este mismo tipo de representación ficcional en las obras narrativas de otras autoras centroamericanas contemporáneas. En los mundos ficcionales de la selección, por un lado, el cuerpo fragmentado, animalizado o hibridizado propone modos de contradecir, pensar, (...) resistir o criticar ciertos estándares opresivos hacia las mujeres; por otro, hace elaboraciones metafóricas sobre vínculos afectivos humanos con otras formas de vida, así como alegorías de la nación fragmentada. (shrink)

Se analiza el papel del pathos como condición de emergencia tanto del logos como de la episteme, lo cual nos lleva reconocer que a la par de una concepción “intelectualista” de la teoría platónica del conocimiento, en la que es necesaria la supresión de todos los elementos irracionales que nublan el juicio, existe otra perspectiva, sobre todo sustentada en el Fedro, en la cual el pathos, expresado como manía amorosa, no es solamente una etapa a superar para acceder a la (...) intuición de las Formas, sino que ella misma se convierte en una experiencia cognitiva que devuelve al conocimiento su carácter humano.We analyze the role of pathos as emergency condition for both, logos and episteme, which leads us to recognize that along with an intellectual conception of the Platonic theory of knowledge, that demands to abolish all irrational elements that cloud the judgment, there is another perspective, especially supported by the Phaedrus, in which pathos, understood as love like madness, is not just a stage to overcome in order to arrive at the intuition of Forms, but it becomes itself a cognitive experience that gives back to knowledge its human nature. (shrink)

Hermeneutics is generally thought as a method in philosophy, which aims to unify efforts in order to resolve historical issues in determining the truth. Considerations about method gain importance to the human sciences in the nineteenth century with studies by Schleiermacher and Dilthey, but they are taken up by Gadamer within the ontological analysis of understanding, paving the way for the reflection of a hermeneutics that inevitably puts into play the ethical implications from discussions, which can be omitted to focus (...) only on method and not in the practice of this comprehensive exercise. The latter can be detailed in the analysis of the structure of self-understanding and comprehension in Gadamer’s hermeneutics and observe in turn the implications of this analysis in the study of human sciences and humanism. (shrink)

La asignatura de Música de Educación Primaria ha presenciado grandes modificaciones, debido a la estructuración autonómica y al proceso migratorio, que mostró las carencias del sistema educativo para poder atender a la diversidad. Este artículo reflexiona sobre las influencias del proceso globalizador en las prácticas educativas de los docentes de música de Primaria y muestra cómo necesitan ser formados para atender a esa diversidad cultural. El análisis realizado pretende mostrar cómo se desarrollan intervenciones multiculturales, enmascaradas en denominaciones interculturales, que se (...) deben a la escasa formación terminológica y normativa sobre los contextos educativos pluriculturales. Sintetizando, en España, la educación musical intercultural tiene posibilidades de convertirse en una práctica habitual y cómoda, basta con que el profesorado sea formado de acuerdo con sus principios desde las universidades. (shrink)

Se analiza a continuación la comprensión de los contrarios en Anaximandro y Heráclito con vistas a sacar a la luz sus semejanzas y diferencias.